The Centre comprises groups from several faculties of the University of Tübingen, the Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, the Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, the Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation (IPA), the Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, the German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, the Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen and further internal and external partners.

The CIN is steered by a scientific board working closely together with several subcommittees representing specific issues. An external advisory board and the rectorate of the University of Tübingen assume supervision. The Central Office coordinates the activities of these bodies and manages the CIN resources.